Effet de l'huile d'olive extra vierge sur la glycémique?

[Nutrimuscle-Conseils]

Effect of extra virgin olive oil consumption on glycemic control: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Fereshteh Dehghani Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases Articles in Press E-mail Alert - February 24, 2021

Highlights
• Extra virgin olive oil is composed mainly of fatty acids, but also bioactive ingredients.
• This systematic review and meta-analysis included thirteen randomized control trials evaluated the effect of EVOO on glycemic parameters.
• High phenolic EVOO does not change glycemic parameters.

Aims
Several health benefits is contributed to extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO). The polyphenol fraction of EVOO may be responsible for its cardioprotective impacts. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effect of EVOO intake on glycemic parameters. Electronic literature searched through 1 st September 2020 across MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS databases to find all clinical trials that reported the effect of EVOO intake on glycemic parameters [FBS(fasting blood glucose), Insulin, HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance) and HbA1c (Glycated hemoglobin)] vs. control.
Data Synthesis
We pooled standard mean differences (SMD) and 95% CI’s from RCTs using random-effects models. Heterogeneity was assessed by Cochran Q-statistic and quantified (I 2). We found 13 related trials comprising a total of 633 subjects. In pooled analysis EVOO intake had no effect on FBS (SMD: −0.07; 95% CI: −0.20, 0.07; I 2 = 00.0%), insulin (SMD: −0.32; 95% CI: −0.70, 0.06; I 2 = 38.0%) and HOMA-IR (SMD: −0.32; 95% CI: −0.75, 0.10; I 2 = 51.0%). However, a decreasing trend was observed in these effects. Subgroup analysis based on age, health status, dose, and EVOO intake duration also did not significantly change results.
Conclusion
Although EVOO seems a promising hypoglycemic effects, but we did not found any significant evidence that EVOO consumption impacts glucose homeostasis. Furthermore, well-designed RCTs with longer durations are still needed to evaluate the EVOO’s efficacy on glycemic parameters.

[Nutrimuscle-Conseils]

Effects of virgin coconut oil consumption on metabolic syndrome components and asymmetric dimethylarginine: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Parinaz Nikooei Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases: March 2021 (Volume 31, Issue 3)

Highlights
• For this study, 30 mL/d virgin coconut oil (VCO) was provided to subjects with metabolic syndrome for four weeks.
• VCO improved serum levels of triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and fasting blood sugar (FBS).
• VCO had negative effects on serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA).
• VCO had no beneficial effect on LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, anthropometric parameters, and blood pressure measurements.

Background and aims
There is some promising evidence regarding the beneficial effect of coconut oil on cardiometabolic risk factors. This study aimed to assess the effects of virgin coconut oil (VCO) consumption on metabolic syndrome (MetS) components, as well as, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in adults with MetS.
Methods and results
In this randomized controlled trial, 48 subjects, aged 20–50 years, with MetS were allocated into two groups; the intervention group was given 30 ml of VCO per day to substitute the same amounts of fat in their usual diet for four weeks. The control group was advised to follow their usual diet. VCO consumption significantly reduced serum levels of triglyceride (TG) (P = 0.001), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) (P = 0.001), and fasting blood sugar (FBS) (P = 0.015) compared to the control group. The levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and total cholesterol (TC) were significantly increased in the VCO group when compared to the control group (P = 0.001). Circulatory ADMA also increased in the VCO group compared to the control group (P = 0.003). No significant differences were observed in the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, anthropometric parameters, and blood pressure measurements between the two groups at the end of the study (P > 0.05).
Conclusion
VCO consumption increased the values of HDL-C while reduced TG and FBS levels. Blood pressure and waist circumference did not change. However, levels of TC, LDL-C, and ADMA elevated by VCO consumption. Caution is warranted until the results of further studies become available to explain the long-term effects of VCO consumption.

[Nutrimuscle-Diététique]

Traduction de l'étude

Effets de la consommation d'huile de coco vierge sur les composants du syndrome métabolique et la diméthylarginine asymétrique: un essai clinique contrôlé randomisé
Parinaz Nikooei Nutrition, métabolisme et maladies cardiovasculaires: mars 2021 (volume 31, numéro 3)

Points forts
• Pour cette étude, 30 mL / j d'huile de coco vierge (VCO) ont été fournis à des sujets atteints du syndrome métabolique pendant quatre semaines.
• Le VCO a amélioré les taux sériques de triglycérides (TG), de lipoprotéines cholestérol de haute densité (HDL-C) et de glycémie à jeun (FBS).
• Le VCO a eu des effets négatifs sur le cholestérol des lipoprotéines de basse densité (LDL-C) et la diméthylarginine asymétrique (ADMA).
• Le VCO n'a eu aucun effet bénéfique sur le rapport LDL-C / HDL-C, les paramètres anthropométriques et les mesures de la pression artérielle.

Contexte et objectifs
Il existe des preuves prometteuses concernant l'effet bénéfique de l'huile de coco sur les facteurs de risque cardiométaboliques. Cette étude visait à évaluer les effets de la consommation d'huile de coco vierge (VCO) sur les composants du syndrome métabolique (MetS), ainsi que sur la diméthylarginine asymétrique (ADMA) chez les adultes atteints de MetS.

Méthodes et résultats
Dans cet essai contrôlé randomisé, 48 sujets, âgés de 20 à 50 ans, atteints de MetS ont été répartis en deux groupes; le groupe d'intervention a reçu 30 ml de VCO par jour pour remplacer les mêmes quantités de graisse dans leur alimentation habituelle pendant quatre semaines. Il a été conseillé au groupe témoin de suivre son régime alimentaire habituel. La consommation de VCO a considérablement réduit les taux sériques de triglycérides (TG) (P = 0,001), de lipoprotéines de très basse densité (VLDL) (P = 0,001) et de sucre dans le sang à jeun (FBS) (P = 0,015) par rapport au groupe témoin. Les taux de cholestérol à lipoprotéines de haute densité (HDL-C), de cholestérol à lipoprotéines de basse densité (LDL-C) et de cholestérol total (TC) ont été significativement augmentés dans le groupe VCO par rapport au groupe témoin (P = 0,001). L'ADMA circulatoire a également augmenté dans le groupe VCO par rapport au groupe témoin (P = 0,003). Aucune différence significative n'a été observée dans le rapport LDL-C / HDL-C, les paramètres anthropométriques et les mesures de la pression artérielle entre les deux groupes à la fin de l'étude (P> 0,05).

Conclusion
La consommation de VCO a augmenté les valeurs du HDL-C tout en réduisant les niveaux de TG et de FBS. La pression artérielle et le tour de taille n'ont pas changé. Cependant, les niveaux de TC, LDL-C et ADMA sont élevés par la consommation de VCO. La prudence est de mise jusqu'à ce que les résultats d'autres études soient disponibles pour expliquer les effets à long terme de la consommation de VCO.