Il s'agit d'un problème que l'on ne retrouve pas avec les protéines en poudre
Is vaccenic acid (18:1t n-7) associated with an increased incidence of hip fracture? An explanation for the calcium paradox
Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids (PLEFA) Volume 109, June 2016, Pages 8–12 Kei Hamazaki
Highlights
• Intake of 18:1 trans fatty acids was associated with risk of hip fracture.
• Both trans-vaccenic acid and elaidic acids inhibited osteoblast activity.
• Trans-vaccenic acid inhibited mRNA expression of osteocalcin and type I collagen.
High calcium intake may increase hip fracture (HF) incidence. This phenomenon, known as the calcium paradox, might be explained by vaccenic acid (18:1t n-7, VA), the highly specific trans fatty acid (TFA) present in dairy products. First, we ecologically investigated the relationship between 18:1 TFA intake and HF incidence using data from 12 to 13 European countries collected before 2000; then we measured the effects of VA and elaidic acid (18:1t n-9, EA) on osteoblasts from goldfish scales (tissues very similar to mammalian bone), with alkaline phosphatase as a marker; and finally we measured the effect of VA on mRNA expression in the scales for the major bone proteins type I collagen and osteocalcin.
HF incidence was significantly correlated with 18:1 TFA intake in men (r=0.57) and women (r=0.65). Incubation with 1 μmol/L VA and EA for 48 h significantly decreased alkaline phosphatase activity by 25% and 21%, respectively. Incubation of scales with 10 μmol/L VA for 48 h significantly decreased mRNA expression for type I collagen and osteocalcin (by about 50%).
In conclusion, VA may be causatively related to HF and could explain the calcium paradox. It may be prudent to reduce 18:1 TFA intake, irrespective of trans positions, to prevent HF.