Eicosapentaenoic Acid Levels Predict Prognosis of Peripheral Artery Disease Caused by Aortoiliac Artery Lesions
Naruhiko Ito September 11, 2020
Highlights
• Endogenous EPA is associated with a risk of major advance event in PAD patients.
• Prognosis of PAD patients with high endogenous EPA is better than low.
• EPA treatment may improve prognosis of PAD patients with low endogenous EPA.
Background
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) has been reported to improve clinical outcome of high risk atherosclerotic patients. We investigated whether endogenous EPA values predict prognosis of peripheral artery disease (PAD) patients.
Methods
This retrospective study included 166 consecutive patients who had received endovascular therapy (EVT) for PAD caused by aortoiliac artery lesions. Patients were divided into 2 groups using median preoperative EPA value (57 μg/ml): LOW EPA (n=83) and HIGH EPA (n=83). We compared differences between the 2 groups in prevalence of major adverse limb events (MALE) which included target lesion revascularization (TLR), non TLR, and major amputation, and major adverse events (MAE) which included MALE and all cause death.
Results
At a median follow up period of 20 months, MALE had occurred in 24 LOW EPA patients (28.9%) and in 12 HIGH EPA patients (14.5%) (p=0.04), and MAE had occurred in 41 LOW EPA patients (49.4%) and in 21 HIGH EPA patients (25.3%) (p<0.01). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed prevalence of MALE and MAE was significantly higher in LOW EPA than in HIGH EPA (long-rank test χ 2=8.5, p<0.01, log-rank test χ 2=13.2, p<0.01, respectively). Multivariate Cox regression revealed preoperative EPA value <57 μg/ml was an independent predictor for MALE (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.70; 95% CI: 1.35 to 5.4; p<0.01) and MAE (HR: 2.86; 95% CI: 1.67 to 4.91; p<0.01).
Conclusions
Endogenous EPA value seems to be associated with risk of MALE and MAE after EVT in patients with PAD caused by aortoiliac artery lesions.