L'obésité est plus rependue qu'on ne le pense

[Nutrimuscle-Conseils]

The paradox of obesity with normal weight; a cross-sectional study
Yair Lahav Front. Nutr., 09 June 2023

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of excessive adiposity among normal-weight individuals, and their cardiometabolic risk.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 3,001 participants (ages 20–95, 52% men, BMI 28.0 ± 5.5 kg/m2) who completed an anthropometric evaluation, dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan to measure body composition, and cardiometabolic blood markers. Excess adiposity was defined as ≥25% for men and ≥ 35% for women.

Results: Of the entire study participants, 967 were in normal BMI (18.5–24.9 kg/m2) with a wide body fat distribution (4–49%). Of them, 26% of men and 38% of women were classified with excess adiposity. As compared to normal-weight lean participants, normal-weight obese men and women had higher triglycerides (76.5 ± 37.3 vs. 101.2 ± 50.3 mg/dL, p = 0.004 and 84 ± 44.2 vs. 101.4 ± 91.1 mg/dL, p = 0.030; respectively) and elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (103.3 ± 31.7 vs. 119.6 ± 45.5 mg/dL, p = 0.011) and total cholesterol (171.5 ± 40.3 vs. 190.2 ± 39 mg/dL, p = 0.007) for men only. Among NWO, abdominal circumference was prevalent in 60% of the females with NWO (≥88 cm), but only in 4% of males (≥102 cm).

Conclusion: Higher adiposity, even within normal weight, increases cardiometabolic risk, and abdominal waist circumference misclassified obesity in normal-weight individuals. This study highlights the need for a body composition evaluation to determine cardiometabolic risk for adults with normal body weight.

[Nutrimuscle-Diététique]

Traduction de l'étude

Le paradoxe de l'obésité à poids normal ; une étude transversale
Front Yaïr Lahav. Nutr., 09 juin 2023

Objectif : Évaluer la prévalence de l'adiposité excessive chez les individus de poids normal et leur risque cardiométabolique.

Méthodes : Cette étude transversale a inclus 3 001 participants (âgés de 20 à 95 ans, 52 % d'hommes, IMC 28,0 ± 5,5 kg/m2) qui ont effectué une évaluation anthropométrique, une absorptiométrie à rayons X double (DXA) pour mesurer la composition corporelle et des marqueurs sanguins cardiométaboliques. L'adiposité excessive a été définie comme ≥ 25 % pour les hommes et   ≥   35 % pour les femmes.

Résultats : Sur l'ensemble des participants à l'étude, 967 avaient un IMC normal (18,5 à 24,9 kg/m2) avec une large répartition de la graisse corporelle (4 à 49 %). Parmi eux, 26 % des hommes et 38 % des femmes ont été classés avec un excès d'adiposité. Par rapport aux participants maigres de poids normal, les hommes et les femmes obèses de poids normal avaient des triglycérides plus élevés (76,5 ± 37,3 contre 101,2 ± 50,3 mg/dL, p = 0,004 et 84 ± 44,2 contre 101,4 ± 91,1 mg/dL, p = 0 0,030 ; respectivement) et cholestérol élevé des lipoprotéines de basse densité (103,3 ± 31,7 contre 119,6 ± 45,5 mg/dL, p = 0,011) et cholestérol total (171,5 ± 40,3 contre 190,2 ± 39 mg/dL, p = 0. 007) pour hommes uniquement. Parmi les NWO, la circonférence abdominale était prévalente chez 60 % des femmes atteintes de NWO (≥88 cm), mais seulement chez 4 % des hommes (≥102 cm).

Conclusion : Une adiposité plus élevée, même dans un poids normal, augmente le risque cardiométabolique, et le tour de taille abdominal classe mal l'obésité chez les individus de poids normal. Cette étude souligne la nécessité d'une évaluation de la composition corporelle pour déterminer le risque cardiométabolique chez les adultes ayant un poids corporel normal.

[Nutrimuscle-Conseils]

Missing Americans: Early death in the United States—1933–2021
Jacob Bor, PNAS Nexus, Volume 2, Issue 6, June 2023, pgad173,

We assessed how many US deaths would have been averted each year, 1933–2021, if US age-specific mortality rates had equaled the average of 21 other wealthy nations. We refer to these excess US deaths as “missing Americans.” The United States had lower mortality rates than peer countries in the 1930s–1950s and similar mortality in the 1960s and 1970s.

Beginning in the 1980s, however, the United States began experiencing a steady increase in the number of missing Americans, reaching 622,534 in 2019 alone. Excess US deaths surged during the COVID-19 pandemic, reaching 1,009,467 in 2020 and 1,090,103 in 2021.

Excess US mortality was particularly pronounced for persons under 65 years. In 2020 and 2021, half of all US deaths under 65 years and 90% of the increase in under-65 mortality from 2019 to 2021 would have been avoided if the United States had the mortality rates of its peers. In 2021, there were 26.4 million years of life lost due to excess US mortality relative to peer nations, and 49% of all missing Americans died before age 65. Black and Native Americans made up a disproportionate share of excess US deaths, although the majority of missing Americans were White.

[Nutrimuscle-Conseils]