25-Hydroxyvitamin D level, vitamin D intake, and risk of stroke: A dose–response meta-analysis
Han Shi Clinical Nutrition Volume 39, Issue 7, July 2020, Pages 2025-2034
Background & aims
A growing number of studies have shown that vitamin D are related to the risk of stroke, however, the dose–response association between vitamin D and the risk of stroke is still unclear. Accordingly, we conducted a dose–response meta-analysis to evaluate the relationships between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level, vitamin D intake, and the risk of stroke by summarizing cohort studies.
Methods
PubMed, Embase, Cochrane and the Web of Science database were searched for related studies. Cohort studies examining the influence of 25(OH)D level and vitamin D intake on stroke risk were summarized. Dose–response relationships were determined using a random-effect model.
Results
Twenty cohort studies involving 217,235 participants were included. The pooled relative risk for the high-versus-low categories was 0.74 (95% CI: 0.66–0.83) for 25(OH)D level, and 0.75 (95% CI: 0.57–0.98) for vitamin D intake. In addition, there were non-linear relationships between 25(OH)D level, vitamin D intake, and stroke risk. The incidence of stroke was reduced to its lowest point, with a reduction of about 20%, when 25(OH)D level was about 50 nmol/L or vitamin D intake was about 12 μg/day.
Conclusion
25(OH)D level and vitamin D intake were both inversely related to stroke risk, with a non-linear dose–response relationship.