Vitamines et cuivre sur le risque de coronaropathie?

[Nutrimuscle-Conseils]

Circulating antioxidant vitamins and copper in Azorean coronary artery disease patients under preventive medication – A case study
Ana Lima Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology Volume 64, March 2021, 126701

Highlights
• Antioxidant vitamins did not predict CAD in high-risk subjects under medication.
• Vitamin C was associated with diabetes, the principal cause of CAD in women.
• Plasma copper was a predictor for CAD in male gender and in primary prevention.
• Copper is a better inflammation marker than the common CRP in high-risk subjects.
• The association between copper and CAD is a likely effect of acute-phase response.

Background and aim
Oxidative stress and inflammation are conditions that are deeply involved in atherosclerosis and consequent coronary artery disease (CAD). Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the relationship among circulating antioxidant vitamins (C, A, E), copper, and other pro- or antioxidant/inflammation markers in patients with and without CAD under preventive medication.

Subjects and methods
174 Azorean subjects symptomatic for CAD (age 56 ± 9y; 68 % men) submitted to coronary angiography were split into 2 groups: one formed by CAD patients (≥50 % stenosis in at least one major coronary vessel) and the other by non-CAD patients (<50 % stenosis). Both groups were age-, sex- and BMI-matched. Plasma levels of vitamins or copper were measured by HPLC and AAS, respectively.

Results and conclusions
Lower vitamin C levels were observed in CAD patients (mainly in women, who exhibited a high rate of diabetes mellitus) as compared to the non-CAD ones. Also, CAD patients (mainly men) exhibited significantly higher concentrations of plasma copper than their non-CAD counterparts (1.17 ± 0.3 mg/L vs. 1.09 ± 0.3 mg/L, p = 0.030). In bivariate analysis, plasma copper levels were positively associated with serum LDL-cholesterol (r=0.22; p = 0.004) and chiefly with C-reactive protein (r=0.40; p < 0.001). Furthermore, they were significantly lower in recurrent vs. non recurrent CAD patients (1.07±0.2 vs. 1.24±0.3 mg/L, p = 0.004). ROC analysis showed that plasma copper, whenever >1.06 mg/L, was an independent risk factor for CAD in primary prevention for men, which suggests that its levels can fluctuate with medical therapy (such as anti-inflammatory), thus indicating that copper is not a reliable marker for CAD. Moreover, plasma copper concentration was not associated with CAD severity. Yet, results do suggest that, even within its reference concentration range, it could be useful as an acute inflammation marker in CAD management.

[Nutrimuscle-Conseils]

Increased oxidative stress and altered serum macro-minerals and trace elements levels are associated with coronary artery disease
Tasnim Fariha Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology Volume 64, March 2021, 126707

Highlights
• The level of serum MDA, antioxidant vitamins, and trace elements status were evaluated in Bangladeshi patients with CAD.
• A significantly higher level of serum MDA was observed in CAD patients than in healthy controls.
• Significantly lower levels of antioxidant vitamins were found in the patient group than control subjects.
• The altered trace elements status is associated with CAD.

Background
This study was designed to evaluate the serum malondialdehyde (MDA), non-enzymatic antioxidants (vitamin A and C), macro-minerals (magnesium and calcium), and trace elements (zinc, copper, and iron) levels in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and to explore their role in disease progression.

Methods
This prospective case-control study was comprised of 40 CAD patients and 40 healthy volunteers as cases and control subjects, respectively. The level of lipid peroxidation was assessed by measuring the serum MDA level using a UV spectrophotometer. The levels of vitamins A and C were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and UV spectrophotometric method, respectively. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) was used to measure serum macro-minerals (Mg and Ca) and trace elements (Zn, Cu, and Fe) concentrations.

Results
The mean age of CAD patients and control subjects was 53.90 ± 2.22 and 37.03 ± 1.50 years, respectively. This study revealed significantly higher concentrations of MDA (p < 0.01) and lower concentrations of vitamin A (p < 0.01), and vitamin C (p < 0.05) in the CAD patients than in control subjects. The mean values of Mg, Cu, Zn, Ca, and Fe were 11.67 ± 0.64, 1.17 ± 0.03, 0.43 ± 0.02, 107.38 ± 1.81, and 1.66 ± 0.04 μg/mL, respectively for the CAD patients and 19.38 ± 0.65, 1.07 ± 0.02, 0.87 ± 0.02, 94.29 ± 1.89, and 1.52 ± 0.05 μg/mL, respectively for the controls and the differences were significant (p < 0.05) between the patients and controls.

Conclusion
From these findings, we can suggest that there is a strong association of CAD with an elevated level of MDA, depleted levels of antioxidants, and altered macro-minerals and trace elements concentrations.

[Nutrimuscle-Diététique]

Traduction de l'étude

Un stress oxydatif accru et une modification des niveaux de macro-minéraux et d'oligo-éléments sériques sont associés à la maladie coronarienne
Tasnim Fariha Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology Volume 64, mars 2021, 126707

Points forts
• Le niveau de MDA sérique, les vitamines antioxydantes et le statut des oligo-éléments ont été évalués chez des patients bangladais atteints de coronaropathie.
• Un niveau significativement plus élevé de MDA sérique a été observé chez les patients atteints de coronaropathie par rapport aux témoins sains.
• Des niveaux significativement plus faibles de vitamines antioxydantes ont été trouvés dans le groupe de patients par rapport aux sujets témoins.
• Le statut des éléments traces modifiés est associé à la CAO.

Contexte
Cette étude a été conçue pour évaluer les taux sériques de malondialdéhyde (MDA), d'antioxydants non enzymatiques (vitamines A et C), de macro-minéraux (magnésium et calcium) et d'oligo-éléments (zinc, cuivre et fer) chez les patients atteints d'artère coronaire maladie (CAD) et d'explorer leur rôle dans la progression de la maladie.

Méthodes
Cette étude prospective cas-témoins comprenait respectivement 40 patients atteints de coronaropathie et 40 volontaires sains en tant que cas et sujets témoins. Le niveau de peroxydation lipidique a été évalué en mesurant le taux sérique de MDA à l'aide d'un spectrophotomètre UV. Les niveaux de vitamines A et C ont été déterminés respectivement par chromatographie liquide haute performance (HPLC) et par spectrophotométrie UV. La spectroscopie d'absorption atomique (SAA) a été utilisée pour mesurer les concentrations sériques de macro-minéraux (Mg et Ca) et d'oligo-éléments (Zn, Cu et Fe).

Résultats
L'âge moyen des patients CAD et des sujets témoins était de 53,90 ± 2,22 et 37,03 ± 1,50 ans, respectivement. Cette étude a révélé des concentrations significativement plus élevées de MDA (p <0,01) et des concentrations plus faibles de vitamine A (p <0,01) et de vitamine C (p <0,05) chez les patients atteints de coronaropathie que chez les sujets témoins. Les valeurs moyennes de Mg, Cu, Zn, Ca et Fe étaient respectivement de 11,67 ± 0,64, 1,17 ± 0,03, 0,43 ± 0,02, 107,38 ± 1,81 et 1,66 ± 0,04 μg / mL pour les patients atteints de coronaropathie et 19,38 ± 0,65, 1,07 ± 0,02, 0,87 ± 0,02, 94,29 ± 1,89 et 1,52 ± 0,05 μg / mL, respectivement pour les témoins et les différences étaient significatives (p <0,05) entre les patients et les témoins.

Conclusion
À partir de ces résultats, nous pouvons suggérer qu'il existe une forte association de CAD avec un niveau élevé de MDA, des niveaux épuisés d'antioxydants et des concentrations modifiées de macro-minéraux et d'oligo-éléments.