moi, j'évite les FODMAPs, ça fait plus sérieux que j'évite le gluten. Maintenant, on nous explique qu'éviter le gluten, c'est mauvais pour la santé! Zut!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
From gluten to FODMAPs: Dietary strategies to combat gastrointestinal symptoms in athletes
D.M. Lis Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. Vol. 41, 2016 S369
Adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD) is reported by 41% (n=910) of
non-celiac athletes (NCA) and has become exceedingly popular despite
a paucity of clinical or ergogenic evidence for support. However, opinion
still exists that a GFD improves exercise performance and parameters
influencing performance, particularly gastrointestinal (GI)
symptoms. Contrary to popular belief, recent seminal research investigating
the effects of a GFD in NCA found no beneficial or negative
effect on performance, GI health or well-being.
Confoundingly, it has been further suggested that gluten itself may not be the modulating
factor in self-reported symptom improvement with a GFD, but rather
a subsequent reduction in a family of short-chain carbohydrates:
fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs).
FODMAPs are contained in a range of foods or as food additives including
wheat-based products (bread, cereals), dairy (cow’s milk) and fruit
and vegetables (pears, beets, tomato sauce).
A low FODMAP diet is a common treatment used for irritable bowel syndrome with notable
success. Anecdotally, with the aim to reduce GI distress, athletes have
also implemented this diet. A strict low FODMAP approach may not be
common, but 51% of NCA (501 of 910) self-report elimination of at least
one high FODMAP food, predominately lactose, with the aim to reduce
GI symptoms. Subsequently, up to 86% report symptom improve
ment. One case-study of a multisport athlete presenting with
persistent exercise-induced GI distress found measurable improvement
in symptoms during strenuous running bouts after a 3-day low
FODMAP diet. Given the similarities between irritable bowel syndrome
and exercise-induced GI symptomology a low FODMAP dietary
approach may be an innovative strategy in the treatment of exerciseassociated
GI distress. This presentation will overview the key findings
of our recent series of investigations and case studies examining the
effects of gluten or FODMAPS on inflammation, GI symptoms and
performance.
