Differential epigenetic profiles induced by sodium selenite in breast cancer cells
Zhuo-Zhi Liang Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology Volume 64, March 2021, 126677
Objectives
Selenium (Se) was a potential anticancer micronutrient with proposed epigenetic effect. However, the Se-induced epigenome in breast cancer cells was yet to be studied.
Methods
The profiles of DNA methylation, microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and message RNA (mRNA) in breast cancer cells treated with sodium selenite were examined by microarrays. We verified the epigenetic modifications by integrating their predicted target genes and differentially expressed mRNAs. The epigenetically regulated genes were further validated in a breast cancer cohort by associating with tumor progression. We conducted a series of bioinformatics analyses to assess the biological function of these validated genes and identified the critical genes.
Results
The Se-induced epigenome regulated the expression of 959 genes, and 349 of them were further validated in the breast cancer cohort. Biological function analyses suggested that these validated genes were enriched in several cancer-related pathways, such as PI3K/Akt and metabolic pathways. Based on the degrees of expression change, hazard ratio difference, and connectivity, NEDD4L and FMO5 were identified as the critical genes.
Conclusions
These results confirmed the epigenetic effects of sodium selenite and revealed the epigenetic profiles in breast cancer cells, which would help understand the mechanisms of Se against breast cancer.